OUT OF THE BACKGROUND: CECILIA BEAUX AND THE ART OF PORTRAITURE

By Tara Leigh Tappert

copyright, 1994

Bibliography

Archival Collections and Interviews

 

"An Address by Cass Gilbert upon the Award of the Medal for Achievement to Miss Cecilia Beaux by the Chi Omega Fraternity," April 17, 1933. General Collections, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

 

Beaux, Cecilia. Papers. American Academy of Arts and Letters Library, New York, New York.

 

Beaux, Cecilia. Papers. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

 

Beaux, Cecilia. Papers. Archives, Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.

 

Beaux, Cecilia. Papers. The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

 

Beaux/Drinker/Leavitt Family Papers, Cecilia Drinker Saltonstall, Exeter, New Hampshire.

 

Blake, Elizabeth Cady (Stanton). Interview by Kitty Gelhorn. Vols. 1 and 2, Columbia University Oral History Research Office, New York, September 1974 to October 1975.

 

Blake, Elizabeth Cady (Stanton). Papers. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

 

Blashfield, Edwin Howland. Papers. American Academy of Arts and Letters Library, New York, New York.

 

Bowen, Catherine Drinker. Papers. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

 

Carnegie Institute Papers. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

 

Century Magazine Collection. Manuscript Division, New York Public Library. On microfilm (roll N6, frames 80 - 106) at Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

 

Drinker Family Papers. Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Fairview Inn Guest Book. Cape Ann Historical Society, Gloucester, Massachusetts.

 

Freeman, Dorothy (Perkins). Interview by the author. Damariscotta, Maine, November 12, 1987.

 

Freeman, Dorothy (Perkins). Papers, "Remarks and Criticisms on the Portrait of D. Perkins -- by her friends," May 1909. Damariscotta, Maine.

 

Gilder/Palmer Family Papers. Tyringham, Massachusetts.

 

Gilder, Richard Watson. Papers. Manuscripts and Archives Division, New York Public Library, New York.

 

Gray, Andrew, and E. Parker Hayden, compilers. "Beauport Guest Book 1908 - 1921." Unpublished manuscript, Cape Ann Historical Association, Gloucester, Massachusetts.

 

Hancock, Walker. Interview by the author. National Museum of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. September 8, 1984.

 

Janvier, Catharine A. Drinker. Papers. Manuscripts and Archives Division, New York Public Library, New York.

 

Leavitt Family Bible. Kent Saltonstall, Edmonds, Washington.

 

Leavitt Family Bible. Cecilia Drinker Saltonstall, Exeter, New Hampshire.

 

Morris, Harrison S. Papers. Princeton University Library, Princeton, New Jersey.

 

Oakley, Thornton. Papers. Archives, Brandywine River Museum, Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania.

 

Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts Exhibition Records. Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, Philadelphia.

 

Pre-1877 Art Exhibition Catalogue Index. National Museum of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

 

Reilly, Marion. File. Archives, Bryn Mawr College Library, Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania.

 

Robinson, Morris B. "Some Artists Who Called Squam, Lanesville and the Folly 'Home'." Unpublished manuscript, 1973. Cape Ann Historical Association, Gloucester, Massachusetts.

 

Sartain, Emily. Papers. Moore College of Art, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

 

Sartain, William. Autobiography. On microfilm (roll P - 14, frame 204) at Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

 

Seymour, George Dudley. Papers. Manuscripts and Archives, Yale University Library, New Haven, Connecticut.

 

Sherwood, Rosamond. Interview by the author. Strawberry Hill, Stockbridge, Massachusetts, October 17, 1986.

 

Smith, Jesse Wilcox. Papers. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

 

Student cards and register, 1860 - 1884. Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

 

Turner, Mary Mitchell. "The Three Leavitt Houses and the Leavitt Store." Paper presented at the Woman's Club of Washington, Connecticut, March 2, 1921. Gunn Memorial Library, Washington, Connecticut.

 

War Portraits Files. Registrar's Office, National Museum of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

 

Woodland Presbyterian Church Register, 1866 - 1883. Archives, Presbyterian Historical Society, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

 

Photographic Archives

 

Beaux, Cecilia. Photo Collection, Frick Art Reference Library, New York, New York.

 

Beaux, Cecilia. Photographs. Peter A. Juley Collection. National Museum of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

 

Inventory of American Paintings. National Museum of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

 

Photographs of Artists, Collection Two. On microfilm (roll N1817, frames 171 - 173) at Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

 

Books

 

Andrew, A. Piatt. Letters Written Home From France -- In the First Half of 1915. Privately printed, 1915.

 

Arthur, John. The Best Years of the CENTURY: Richard Watson Gilder, Scribner's Monthly and Century Magazine, 1870 - 1909. Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1981.

 

Baltzell, E. Digby. Puritan Boston and Quaker Philadelphia, Two Protestant Ethics and the Spirit of Class Authority and Leadership. New York: Free Press, 1979.

 

Banner, Lois W. American Beauty. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1983.

 

Banta, Martha. Imaging American Women: Ideas and Ideals in Cultural History. New York: Columbia University Press, 1987.

 

Beaux, Cecilia. Background with Figures. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1930.

 

Cecilia Beaux, 1855 - 1942 -- Early Drawings. Boston: Alfred J. Walker Fine Art, 1985.

 

Cecilia Beaux. Boston: Alfred J. Walker Fine Art, 1990.

 

Beaux, E. C. Plate I, "Cionondon Arctatus," in Ferdinand V. Hayden, Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories, Vol. 2, Department of the Interior. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1875.

 

Blanford, William B., and Elizabeth C. Blanford. Beauport Impressions. Boston: Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities, 1965.

 

Bowen, Catherine Drinker. Family Portrait. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1970.

 

Bryant, Lorinda Munson. American Pictures and Their Painters. New York: John Lane Company, 1928, pp. 205 - 06.

 

Burke, Doreen Bolger. American Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Vol. 3. New York: Princeton University Press for the Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1980.

 

Burt, Nathaniel. The Perennial Philadelphians: The Anatomy of an American Aristocracy. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1963.

 

Buswell, Leslie. Ambulance #10. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, Co., 1916.

 

__________. With the American Ambulance Field Service in France. Cambridge: The Riverside Press, 1915.

 

Chamberlain, Alexander Francis. The Child: A Study in the Evolution of Man. London: Walter Scott, Ltd., 1900.

 

Chambers-Schiller, Lee Virginia. Liberty, a Better Husband: Single Women in America: The Generation of 1780 - 1840. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1984.

 

Chapin, Adele Le Bourgeois. "Their Trackless Way," A Book of Memories. London: Constable & Co., Ltd., 1931.

 

Dijkstra, Bram. Idols of Perversity: Fantasies of Feminine Evil in Fin-de-Siecle Culture. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.

 

Dodd, Loring Holmes. With an Eye on the Gallery: American Painters in Oil. Cambridge, Mass.: Dresser, Chapman & Grimes, 1966, pp. 180 - 82.

 

Drinker, Henry Sandwith. History of the Drinker Family. Philadelphia: Privately printed, 1961.

 

__________. Autobiography of Henry Sandwith Drinker. Privately printed, 1960.

 

Drinker, Henry Sturgis. Autobiography of Henry Sturgis Drinker. Privately printed, 1931.

 

Ellett, Elizabeth F. L. Women Artists in All Ages & Countries. New York: Harper and Row, 1859.

 

Fairbrother, Trevor. John Singer Sargent and America. New York: Garland Publishing, Inc., 1986.

 

Fairman, Charles E. Art and Artists of the Capitol. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1927.

 

Garland, Joseph E. Eastern Point. Peterborough, N.H.: Noone House, 1971.

 

__________. Boston's North Shore. Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1978.

 

Gerdts, William. American Impressionism. New York: Abbeville Press, 1984.

 

Gilder, Rosamond, ed. Letters of Richard Watson Gilder. New York: Houghton Mifflin, Co., 1916.

 

Greer, Germaine. The Obstacle Race: The Fortunes of Women Painters and Their Work. New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, 1979.

 

 

Harris, Neil. The Artist in American Society. New York: G. Braziller, 1966.

 

Hartmann, Sadakichi. A History of American Art. Vol. 1. Boston: L.C. Page & Company, 1901, pp. 286 - 93.

 

Hofstadter, Richard. Social Darwinism in American Thought. Boston: Beacon Press, 1955.

 

Howard, Blanche Willis. Guenn, A Wave on the Breton Coast. Boston: James R. Osgood and Company, 1883.

 

Isham, Samuel. The History of American Painting. New York: The Macmillian Company, 1927, pp. 513 - 37.

 

Janvier, Catharine A. Practical Keramics for Students. New York: Henry Holt and Co., 1880.

 

Johns, Elizabeth. Thomas Eakins: The Heroism of Modern Life. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1983.

 

Johns, Ethel, and Blanche Pfefferkorn. The Johns Hopkins Hospital School of Nursing: 1889 - 1949. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press, 1954, pp. 153 - 63.

 

Kirkland, Winifred, and Frances Kirkland. Girls Who Become Artists. 1934. Reprint, Freeport, N.Y.: Books for Libraries Press, Inc., 1967, pp. 58 - 68.

 

Korzenik, Diana. Drawn to Art: A Nineteenth Century American Dream. Hanover, N.H.: University Press of New England, 1985.

 

Lasar, Charles A. Practical Hints to Art Students. New York: Duffield & Company, 1910.

 

Leavitt, Judith Walzer. Brought to Bed: Childbearing in America 1750 - 1950. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.

 

Letters of Mrs. Nicholas Longworth Anderson to her son Larz Anderson. Washington, D.C.: The Society of the Cincinnati, n.d.

 

May, Henry. The End of American Innocence. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1959.

 

Morris, Harrison S. Confessions in Art. New York: Sears Publishing Company, Inc., 1930, pp. 196 - 98.

 

Neilson, Winthrop, and Frances Neilson. Seven Women: Great Painters. Philadelphia: Chilton Book Co., 1969, pp. 97 - 124.

 

Neuhaus, Eugen. The History and Ideals of American Art. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1931.

 

Nieriker, May Alcott. Studying Art Abroad, and How to do it Cheaply. Boston: Roberts Brothers, 1879.

 

Oakley, Thornton. Cecilia Beaux. Philadelphia: Howard Biddle Printing Company, 1943.

 

Oberholtzer, Ellis Paxon. Philadelphia: A History of the City and its People. 4 volumes. Philadelphia: S. J. Clark, 1912.

 

Parker, Rozsika, and Griselda Pollack. Old Mistresses: Women, Art and Ideology. New York: Pantheon Books, 1981.

 

Person, Stow. The Decline of American Gentility. New York: Columbia University Press, 1973.

 

Peterson, Virgilia (Sopieha), Ruth Neely, and Mary Love Collins. Eminent Women: Recipients of the National Achievement Award. Privately printed: Chi Omega Fraternity, 1948, pp. 13 - 24.

 

Piton, Camille. China Painting in America, Vol. 1. Translated by Catherine A. Drinker. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1879.

 

__________. Plates. Vol. 2 of China Painting in America, translated by Catherine A. Drinker. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1879.

 

Raverat, Gwen. Period Piece: A Cambridge Childhood. London: Faber and Faber, Ltd., [1952].

 

Rosenberg, Rosalind. Beyond Separate Spheres. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1982.

 

Rubinstein, Charlotte Streifer. American Women Painters. Boston: G. K. Hall Reference Books, 1982.

 

Rummell, John. Aims and Ideals of Representative American Painters. Buffalo: E. M. Berlin, 1901, p. 112.

 

Russett, Cynthia Eagle. The Victorian Construction of Womanhood. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1989.

 

St. Gaudens, Homer. The American Artist and His Times. New York: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1941.

 

Scharf, J. Thompson, and Thompson Westcott. History of Philadelphia 1609 - 1884, 3 volumes. Philadelphia: L. H. Everts & Co., 1884.

 

Smith, Mary Brainerd. A History of the Woodland Presbyterian Church of Philadelphia 1865 - 1948. Philadelphia: Privately printed, [circa 1948].

 

Smith-Rosenberg, Carroll. Disorderly Conduct - Visions of Gender in Victorian America. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1985.

 

Sparrow, Walter Shaw, ed. Women Painters of the World: From the Time of Caterina Vigri, 1413 - 1463, to Rosa Bonheur and the Present Day. 1905. Reprint, New York: Hacker Art Books, 1976.

 

Tappert, Tara Leigh. "Choices - The Life and Career of Cecilia Beaux: A Professional Biography." Ph.D. dissertation, George Washington University, 1990.

 

Tomsich, John. A Genteel Endeavor: American Culture and Politics in the Gilded Age. Stanford, Ca.: Stanford University Press, 1971.

 

Trachtenberg, Alan. The Incorporation of America: Culture & Society in the Gilded Age. New York: Hill & Wang, 1982.

 

Trumble, Alfred. Representative Works of Contemporary American Artists. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1887.

 

Van Hook, Bailey. "The Ideal Woman in American Art, 1875 to 1910." Ph.D. dissertation, City University of New York, 1988.

 

Warner, Marina. Monuments & Maidens: The Allegory of the Female Form. New York: Atheneum, 1985.

 

Warner, Sam Bass, Jr. The Private City: Philadelphia in Three Periods of its Growth. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1968.

 

Waters, Clara Erksine (Clement), and Laurence Hutton. Artists of the Nineteenth Century and their Work. New York: Houghton Mifflin, Co., 1907.

 

Waters, Clara Erksine (Clement). Women in the Fine Arts from the Seventh Century B.C. to the Twentieth Century A.D. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, Co., 1904.

 

Weigley, Russell, ed. Philadelphia: A 300 Year History. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1982.

 

Weinmann, Jeanne Madeline. The Fair Women. Chicago: Academy Chicago, 1981.

 

Wiebe, Robert. The Search for Order, 1877 - 1920. New York: Hill & Wang, 1967.

 

Woody, Thomas. A History of Women's Education in the United States, Vol. 1. New York: Octagon Books, Inc., 1966.

 

Ziff, Larzer. The American 1890's. New York: Viking Press, 1966.

 

Exhibition Catalogues

 

The American Renaissance, 1876 - 1917. New York: Pantheon Books, for the Brooklyn Museum, 1979.

 

Berkowitz, Julie S. The College of Physicians of Philadelphia Portrait Catalogue.

Philadelphia: College of Physicians, 1984.

 

Catalogue of an Exhibition of Paintings By Cecilia Beaux at the American Academy of Arts and Letters. New York: American Academy of Arts and Letters, 1935.

 

Catalogue of Portraits by Cecilia Beaux. April 26th to May 8th, 1915. New York: M. Knoedler & Co., 1915.

 

Catalogue of the Exhibition of the National Association of Portrait Painters. February 2-14, 1914. New York: M. Knoedler & Co., 1914.

 

Cecilia Beaux: Portrait of an Artist. Philadelphia: Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, 1974.

 

Exhibition of Oil Paintings by Miss Cecilia Beaux. From Saturday, February 24 until Sunday, March 17, 1912. Washington, D.C.: The Corcoran Gallery of Art, 1912.

 

An Exhibition of Portraits by Cecilia Beaux. May 1931. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse Museum of Fine Arts, 1931.

 

Farmington Tercentenary Art Exhibition (1640 - 1940). October 12-19, 1940. Farmington, Conn.: Farmington Village Library, 1940.

 

First - Eleventh and Thirteenth and Fourteenth Annual Exhibitions of Oil Paintings by Contemporary American Artists. 1907 - 1928 and 1933 and 1935. Washington, D.C.: The Corcoran Gallery of Art, 1907 ff.

 

Gerdts, William H. Women Artists of America, 1707 - 1964. Newark: The Newark Museum, 1965.

 

Hancock, Walker. "Cecilia Beaux." In The One Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary Exhibition. Philadelphia: The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, 1955.

 

Harris, Ann Sutherland, and Linda Nochlin. Women Artists 1550 - 1950. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1979.

 

Hills, Patricia. John Singer Sargent. New York: Harry N. Abrams for the Whitney Museum of American Art, 1986.

 

Huber, Christine Jones. The Pennsylvania Academy and Its Women, 1850 - 1920. Philadelphia: Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, 1973.

 

In Pursuit of Beauty: Americans and the Aesthetic Movement. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, Rizzoli, 1986.

 

In This Academy, The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, 1805 - 1976. Philadelphia: Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, 1976.

 

Illustrated Catalogue -- National Academy of Design -- Winter Exhibition 1915. New York: National Academy of Design, 1915.

 

The Julian Academy -- Paris 1898 - 1939. Spring exhibition, 1989. New York: Shepherd Gallery, 1989.

 

Miller, Lillian B., and Nancy A. Johnson. Portraits from the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters. Washington, D.C.: National Portrait Gallery, 1987.

 

The Paintings and Drawings of Cecilia Beaux. Philadelphia: Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, 1955.

 

Philadelphia: Three Centuries of American Art. Philadelphia: Philadelphia Museum of Art, 1976.

 

Pisano, Ronald. One Hundred Years: A Centennial Celebration of the National Association of Women Artists. October 16 - December 31, 1988. Roslyn Harbor, N.Y.: Nassau County Museum of Fine Art, 1988.

 

Portraits of Americans by Americans. National Association of Portrait Painters. April 1 - May 5, 1945. New York: The New York Historical Society, [1945].

 

Quest for Unity: American Art Between World Fairs, 1876 - 1893. Detroit: Detroit Institute of Art, 1983.

 

Quick, Michael. American Portraiture in the Grand Manner: 1720 - 1920. Los Angeles: Los Angeles County Museum of Art, 1981.

 

Recent Portraits by Cecilia Beaux -- On Exhibition. From March 3 - 16, 1910. New York: The Macbeth Gallery, 1910.

 

Sadik, Marvin, and Harold Francis Pfister. American Portrait Drawings. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press for the National Portrait Gallery, 1980.

 

Sellin, David. Americans in Brittany and Normandy. Pheonix: Pheonix Art Museum, 1982.

 

Tappert, Tara Leigh. The Emmets: A Generation of Gifted Women. New York: Borghi & Co., 1993.

 

Thornton Oakley. January 22 - March 20, 1983. Chadds Ford, Pa.: Brandywine River Museum, 1983.

 

Tufts, Eleanor. American Women Artists, 1830 - 1930. Washington, D.C.: National Museum of Women in the Arts, 1987.

 

Journals and Newspaper Articles

 

Bailey, Elizabeth Graham. "Cecilia Beaux -- Background with a Figure." Arts & Antiques 3, no. 2 (March - April 1980): 54 - 61.

 

__________. "The Cecilia Beaux Papers." Archives of American Art Journal 13, no. 4 (1973): 4 - 19.

 

Bain, George Gordon. "Cecilia Beaux -- Portrait Painter." Vanity Fair 4, no. 6 (August 1915): 56.

 

Beaux, Cecilia. "Neighbors." Century Magazine 58, no. 2 (June 1899): 209.

 

__________. "Professional Art Schools." Art and Progress 7, no. 1 (November 1915): 3 - 8.

 

__________. "Sargent." Boston Transcript (May 2, 1925).

 

__________. "Uncle John's Coat," St. Nicholas, An Illustrated Magazine for Young Folk 12, Part 1 (January 1885): 203.

 

__________. "What Should the College A.B. Course Offer to the Future Artist?" The American Magazine of Art 7, no. 12 (October 1916): 479 - 84.

 

__________. "Why the Girl Art Student Fails." Harper's Bazar 47, no. 5 (May 1913): 221, 249.

 

Bell, Mrs. Arthur. "The Work of Cecilia Beaux," International Studio 8, no. 32 (October 1899): 215 - 22.

 

Belloc, Marie Adelaide. "Lady Artists in Paris." Murray's Magazine 8, no. 45 (September 1890): 371 - 84.

 

"Book Reviews." The American Magazine of Art 22, no. 1 (January 1931): 65.

 

Booth, Alice. "America's Twelve Greatest Women -- Cecilia Beaux -- Who Has Given Back to the World Almost as Much Beauty as She Has Received From It." Good Housekeeping 93, no. 6 (December 1931): 34 - 35, 165 - 67.

 

Borglum, Gutzon. "Cecilia Beaux -- Painter of Heroes." The Delineator 98, no. 5 (June 1921): 16 - 17.

 

Borgmeyer, Charles Louis. "Alexander Harrison." Fine Arts Journal 29, no. 3 (September 1913): 515 - 44.

 

Brownell, William C. "The Art Schools of Philadelphia." Scribner's Monthly 18, no. 5 (September 1879): 737 - 50.

 

Burns, Sarah. "The 'Earnest, Untiring Worker' and the Magician of the Brush: Gender Politics in the Criticism of Cecilia Beaux and John Singer Sargent." Oxford Art Journal 15, no. 1 (1992): 36 - 53.

 

Burrows, Carlyle. "The Portraits of Cecilia Beaux." International Studio 85, no. 353 (October 1926): 74 - 80.

 

"The Caretaker's Letters." Yankee 35, no. 7 (July 1971): 76 - 85, 91 - 97.

 

"Cecilia Beaux." The Art Digest 17, no. 1 (October 1, 1942): 20.

 

"Cecilia Beaux's Book." The Art Digest 5, no. 13 (April 1, 1931): 21.

 

"Cecilia Beaux Honored." The Art Digest 7, no. 15 (May 1, 1933): 17.

 

"Cecilia Beaux Wins." The Art Digest 15, no. 6 (December 15, 1940): 14.

 

"'The Century's' American Artist Series: Cecilia Beaux." Century Magazine 48, no. 5 (September 1894): 797 - 98.

 

Evans, Dorinda. "Cecilia Beaux, Portraitist." American Art Review 2, no. 1 (January - February 1975): 92 - 102.

 

Fehrer, Catherine. "New Light on the Academie Julian and its Founder (Rodolphe Julian)." Gazette des Beaux Arts Sers. 6, no. 103 (May - June 1984): 207 - 16.

 

Fleming, E. McClung. "Artifact Study: A Proposed Model." Winterthur Portfolio 9 (1974): 153 - 73.

 

Gilder, Richard Watson. "In Praise of Portraiture." Putnam's Monthly and the Reader 3, no. 8 (June 1908): 301 - 02.

 

"Gold Medal Annually Awarded by Chi Omega." The Art Digest 7, no. 15 (May 1, 1933): 17.

 

Gray, Allison. "The Extraordinary Career of Cecilia Beaux." American Magazine 96, no. 4 (October 1923): 61 - 63, 195 - 98.

 

Hanley, Catherine M. "Women in Art." Boston Teachers Newsletter (February 1943).

 

Hawthorne, Hildegarde. "A Garden of the Heart -- Green Alley, the Home of Miss Cecilia Beaux." Century Magazine 80, no. 4 (August 1910): 581 - 87.

 

Hazard, Caroline. "Mrs. Janvier's Varied Life." New York Times, (Sunday, October 1, 1922): sec. 8, p. xx.

 

Herzog, Charlotte. "A Rose by any other name." Woman's Art Journal 14, no. 2 (Fall 1993 - Winter 1994): 11 - 16.

 

Hill, Frederick D. "Cecilia Beaux, the grande dame of American Portraiture." Antiques 105, no. 1 (January 1974): 160 - 168.

 

Hoeber, Arthur. "Famous American Women Painters." The Mentor 2, no. 3 (March 16, 1914): 1 - 11.

 

Holland, Clive. "Lady Art Student's Life in Paris." International Studio 21, no. 83 (January 1904): 225 - 33.

 

"The Home Forum." The Christian Science Monitor (March 6, 1922).

 

"Honoring Cecilia Beaux." The Literary Digest 115, no. 18 (May 6, 1933): 13 - 14.

 

Johns, Elizabeth. "Thomas Eakins and 'Pure Art' Education." American Art Journal 23, no. 3 (1983): 2 - 5.

 

Kerber, Linda K. "Separate Spheres, Female Worlds, Woman's Place: The Rhetoric of Women's History." Journal of American History 75, no.1 (June 1988): 9 - 39.

 

King, Pauline. "Cecilia Beaux." Harper's Bazar 32, no. 10 (March 11, 1899): 208 - 09.

 

__________. "The Paintings of Cecilia Beaux." The House Beautiful 11, no. 3 (February 1902): 175 - 81.

 

"Landscapes for the Offensive." Harper's Bazar 53, no. 7 (July 1918): 39.

 

Likos, Patricia. "Violet Oakley." Bulletin -- Philadelphia Museum of Art 75, no. 325 (June 1979): 2 - 32.

 

Maynard, Margaret. "'A Dream of Fair Women': Revival Dress and the Formation of Late Victorian Images of Femininity." Art History 12, no. 3 (September 1989): 322 - 41.

 

McIlvaine, Charles. "The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts." The Quarterly Illustrator 2, no. 5 (January - March 1894): 10 - 17.

 

Mechlin, Leila. "The Art of Cecilia Beaux." The International Studio 41, no. 161 (July 1910): 3 - 10.

 

__________. "Contemporary American Painting." The American Magazine of Art 15, no. 2 (February 15, 1924): 67 - 72.

 

__________. "War Portraits by Eminent Artists." The American Magazine of Art 12, no. 3 (March 1921): 77 - 88.

 

"Miss Beaux wins Chi Omega Medal." Art News 31 (April 22, 1933): 3.

 

Morris, Harrison S. "American Portraiture of Children." Scribner's Magazine 30, no. 6 (December 1901): 641 - 56.

 

__________. "Philadelphia's Contribution to American Art." Century Magazine 69, no. 5 (March 1905): 714 - 33.

 

"Obituraries." Art News 41 (October 15, 1942): 7.

 

O'Hagan, Anne. "Miss Cecilia Beaux." Harper's Bazar 45, no. 3 (March 1911): 119.

 

Platt, Frederick. "A Portrait of Cecilia Beaux." L'Officiel/USA (October 1978): 156 - 61.

 

__________. "The War Portraits." Antiques, 126 no. 1 (July 1984): 142 - 53.

 

"Popular Painting in America Survey." The Carnegie Magazine 14, no. 7 (December 1940): 195 - 96.

 

"Portrait of Sarah E. Doyle." Bulletin of Rhode Island School of Design Museum Notes 64, no. 1 (April 1977): 127 - 29.

 

Prown, Jules David. "Mind in Matter: an Introduction to Material Culture Theory and Method." Winterthur Portfolio 17, no. 1 (Spring 1982): 1 - 19.

 

__________. "Style as Evidence." Winterthur Portfolio 15, no. 3 (Autumn 1980): 197 - 210.

 

"Retrospective Exhibit Held for Cecilia Beaux, Famous Painter." The Art Digest 10, no. 6 (December 1, 1935): 11.

 

St. Gaudens, Homer. "Cecilia Beaux." The Critic and Literary World 47, no. 1 (July 1905): 38 - 39.

 

"Six Modern American Portrait Painters." The Mentor 12, no. 17 (October 1924): 30 - 44.

 

Stein, Judith E. "Profile of Cecilia Beaux." The Feminist Art Journal 4, no. 4 (Winter 1975 - 1976): 25 - 31, 33.

 

Tappert, Tara L. "Cecilia Beaux: A Career as a Portraitist." Women's Studies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 14, no. 4 (1988): 389 - 411.

 

Toohey, Jeanette M. "The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts: An Ideal and a Symbol." Pennsylvania Heritage 14, no. 2 (Spring 1988): 16 - 23.

 

Wagenknecht, Edward. "Richard Watson Gilder: Poet and Editor of the Transition." Boston University Studies in English 1, nos. 1 - 2 (Spring - Summer 1955): 84 - 95.

 

Walton, William. "Cecilia Beaux." Scribner's Magazine 22, no. 4 (October 1897): 477 - 85.

 

Weir, Jo Ann. "The Parisian Training of American Women Artists." Woman's Art Journal 2, no. 1 (Spring - Summer 1981): 41 - 44.

 

Whipple, Barbara. "The Eloquence of Cecilia Beaux." American Artist 38, no. 386 (September 1974): 44 - 51, 80 - 85.

Return to

Title page

Acknowledgments

Preface

Part I

Part II

Part III

Part IV

Part V

Illustrations with Captions

End Notes

Bibliography

 

About the author and Resource Library editor's notes

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